Average customer rating:
|
Japan Rising: The Resurgence of Japanese Power And Purpose
Kenneth B. Pyle Manufacturer: PublicAffairs ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 1586484176 |
Book Description
Japan is on the verge of a sea change. After more than fifty years of national pacifism and isolation including the "lost decade" of the 1990s, Japan is quietly, stealthily awakening. As Japan prepares to become a major player in the strategic struggles of the 21st century, critical questions arise about its motivations. What are the driving forces that influence how Japan will act in the international system? Are there recurrent patterns that will help explain how Japan will respond to the emerging environment of world politics?American understanding of Japanese character and purpose has been tenuous at best. We have repeatedly underestimated Japan in the realm of foreign policy. Now as Japan shows signs of vitality and international engagement, it is more important than ever that we understand the forces that drive Japan. In Japan Rising, renowned expert Kenneth Pyle identities the common threads that bind the divergent strategies of modern Japan, providing essential reading for anyone seeking to understand how Japan arrived at this moment-and what to expect in the future.
Customer Reviews:
Japan Must Rise!.......2007-10-10
Adapting to the Trends of the Time.......2007-08-14
Resurgence of a Chastened, Wiser Giant .......2007-06-05
The Sun Also Rises.......2007-05-03
Average customer rating:
|
The Resurgence of Anti-Semitism: Jews, Israel, and Liberal Opinion (Philosophy and the Global Context)
Bernard Harrison Manufacturer: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0742552276 |
Book Description
Written by a non-Jewish analytic philosopher, this book addresses the issue of whether, and to what extent, current opposition to Israel on the liberal-left embodies anti-Semitic stances. It argues that the dominant climate of liberal opinion disseminates, however inadvertently, a range of anti-Semitic assertions and motifs of the most traditional kind. It advocates a return to an unrestricted anti-racism which would allow liberals to defend Palestinian interests without demonizing Jews.Customer Reviews:
Very thoughtful and well-written.......2007-06-24
Focused, well-argued, important.......2007-01-15
Average customer rating:
|
Five Families: The Rise, Decline, and Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Mafia Empires
Selwyn Raab Manufacturer: Thomas Dunne Books ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 0312300948 Release Date: 2005-08-25 |
Amazon.com
The Mafia has long held a spot in the American imagination. Despite their earned reputation for brutality, the Mafia has been glorified in countless movies, books, and television shows. Not so in this book. Selwyn Raab makes no attempt to perpetuate myths about the Mafia; instead, he exposes them as a serious threat to honest citizens: "The collective goal of the five families of New York was the pillaging of the nation's richest city and region," he writes. These five families--Bonanno, Colombo, Gambino, Genovese, and Lucchese--were responsible for corrupting labor unions in order to control waterfront commerce, garbage collection, the garment industry, and construction in New York. They also ran illegal gambling operations, engaged in stock schemes, and initiated the widespread introduction of heroin (among other drugs) into cities of the East and Midwest in the 1950s, leading to "accelerated crime rates, law-enforcement corruption, and the erosion of inner-city neighborhoods in New York and throughout the United States." Five Families offers a comprehensive look at the inner workings of the various clans along with vivid profiles of the gangsters who led--and continue to maintain--this criminal empire.Beginning with a brief history of the Sicilian origins of the Mafia, Raab exhaustively explains how the Mob took over New York before spreading to cities across America, particularly Las Vegas, their most successful outside venture. He also shows how the New York Mafia lost a great deal of power in the 1980s and '90s due to many significant busts and effective plea-bargaining. However, since the attacks of September 11, 2001, the F.B.I. has been focused mainly on external threats, leaving the Mafia room to regain some lost turf by moving into new avenues of crime. An investigative reporter for 40 years, Raab interviewed dozens of prosecutors, law enforcement officers, Mafia members, informants, and "Mob lawyers," providing anecdotes and inside information that tell the true story of the Mafia and their influence over the past 80 years. --Shawn Carkonen
Book Description
The definitive history of the Mafias infamous Five Families, the campaign to eradicate them, and the Mobs refusal to diefrom a noted New York Times journalist Genovese, Gambino, Bonnano, Colombo and Lucchese. These Five Families built the American Mafia (or Cosa Nostra) into an underworld empire that stretched far beyond New York. For decades, they outwitted, outmaneuvered and outgunned the FBI and other police agencies and were seemingly immune from conviction. With insatiable greed and invisible influence, these families wreaked unparalleled damage to Americas vital business enterprises from construction, carting and shipping to Hollywood, Wall Street and Washington. Written by a New York Times reporter who has covered the Mob for decades, Five Families is the vivid story of the rise and fall of New Yorks premier dons and provides insight and answers to key questions, including: How the legendary Lucky Luciano ended internal wars and forged a new, largely impregnable type of criminal superstructure Why J. Edgar Hoover refused to investigate the mob and denied its existence How the Mafia was involved in the assassination of President Kennedy How Crazy Joey Gallo became a caf society pet, and how a penchant for clam chowder and scungelli led to his murder How John Gottis vanity undermined him and the almighty Gambino family How Carmine the Snake Persicos obsession to create a dynasty sparked a major mob war How the secretive Gaspipe Casso triumphed as the tyrannical and blood-soaked leader of the Lucchese family How Chin Gigante created the nations wealthiest crime family while feigning insanity How the 9/11 tragedy has led to a Mafia resurgence. Unprecedented detail on the inner workings of the Commission and how power and tribute flowed from places like New Orleans, Chicago and Miami back to New York.Customer Reviews:
BEST MAFIA BOOK.......2007-10-10
Five Families.......2007-05-12
Excellent.......2007-05-07
Read this to understand your political world, garbage problems, crime and drugs, gambling and heists , .......2007-05-06
Worth the time to read this huge book.......2007-04-06
Average customer rating:
|
Necroscope: Resurgence: The Lost Years: Volume Two (Necroscope: The Lost Years)
Brian Lumley Manufacturer: Tor Books ProductGroup: Book Binding: Mass Market Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0812553640 |
Book Description
Harry Keogh, the Necroscope, the man who can talk to the dead, and Earth's greatest vampire hunter, has been searching for his wife and infant son, gone missing during Harry's war against the vampires. This obsession has left him open to subtle influence by an ancient vampire, Radu. Entombed in amber, trapped in undeath, Radu plans for his resurrection and plots the destruction of other vampires who might challenge his supremacy.Thus, Radu's enemies are now Harry's--and Harry cannot properly defend himself. His powers--his deadspeak and his ability to transport himself through the Mobius Continuum--are locked away in the recesses of his vampire-clouded mind.But Harry is not without allies, living and dead. E-Branch, the psychic spy organization, is worried about Harry. So is harry's long-dead Ma, and the ancient philosopher and prophet Nostradamus, whose centuries-old quatrain make eerie sense in the modern world.Right now, Harry Keogh doesn't even know he's the Necroscope. But Earth's teeming dead won't let him forget them for long--and won't let him forget that Radu and his vampire kind are humanity's deadliest enemies.Customer Reviews:
I'm in thrall to Lumley.......2007-10-02
Massive story potential wasted.......2006-07-04
fills the gap.......2001-10-11
Werewolves Enter The Necroscope World!.......2000-03-15
Too Busy!.......1999-12-02
Average customer rating: |
The Resurgence of Religion: A Comparative Study of Selected Themes in Christian and Islamic Fundamentalist Discourses (Studies in the History of Religions)
David Zeidan Manufacturer: Brill Academic Publishers ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 9004128778 |
Book Description
This book is a comparative study of basic themes in Christian and Islamic fundamentalist discourses, analyzing and comparing texts from a wide variety of fundamentalist leaders and movements, looking for "family resemblances" and significant differences in order to better understand the contemporary phenomenon of religious resurgence. After placing fundamentalisms in a theoretical framework, the study looks at selected themes important to fundamentalists, noting resemblances and differences. These themes include their anti-secularist stance, their theocentric worldviews, their reliance on inerrant sacred scriptures, and their attitudes to politics, government, state and democracy. The study also looks at the fundamentalist view of the world as a perennial battlefield between the forces of good and those of evil, in the realm of ideologies as well as politics and the legitimation of violence.
Average customer rating:
|
The Global Resurgence of Democracy (A Journal of Democracy Book)
Manufacturer: The Johns Hopkins University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0801853052 |
Book Description
In its first edition, The Global Resurgence of Democracy brought together essays on democratization written from 1989 to 1991 by internationally prominent scholars, intellectuals, and political leaders. This thoroughly revised and updated second edition extends that work with a wealth of fresh material on a wide range of conceptual, historical, institutional, and policy issues.
"A useful compilation popularizing the work of an influential journal... The Journal of Democracy is an effective tribune for mainstream U.S. thinking on these issues." -- Political Studies
Customer Reviews:
A vital theoretical and comparative foundation.......2000-01-10
A strength of this book as a teaching tool is that it offers both theory and comparative chapters. Several articles are broad-based, discussing paradoxes intrinsic to all democracies or the gap between democratic concepts and political realities, for example. Others are country- or region-specific, such as civil society in Russia or pluralism in the Arab world.
A second strength is the frequent intermixing of political, economic and cultural concerns. In many individual chapters and in the collection overall, the reader is reminded that institutions, currencies and mores do not exist or operate in vacuum. Rather, they influence and change each other -- and not always for the better. Chapters on technocratic economic emphasis in post-communist states and ethnic divisions and underdevelopment in Africa are particularly revealing.
By highlighting the research published in the Journal of Democracy, this volume offers educators a valuable collection for comparative and theoretical approaches to democratization. The readings prompted thoughtful debates among my students on the central issues. Such a fluid field depends upon regular updates, and this reviewer looks forward to using future editions. (January 2000)
Average customer rating:
|
Web 2.0: 2003-'08 AC (After Crash) The Resurgence of the Internet & E-Commerce
Dermot A. McCormack Manufacturer: Aspatore Books ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 1587622009 |
Book Description
ExecEnablers: Web 2.0, written by leading technology visionary Dermot McCormack, outlines the future of the Internet and technology economy and how entrepreneurs, investors, executives and consumers can take advance of the opportunities. Think the Internet economy and e-Commerce are dead? You're wrong! The first phase of the Internet economy has come to an end with the dramatic fall in the markets, however phase two (Web 2.0) is just getting started and will take shape much more cautiously over the next couple of years. In this book, Dermot McCormack clearly outlines the specific trends, challenges and opportunities for companies, consumers, the stock market and entrepreneurs. A critical read for every CEO, executive, investor, consultant, entrepreneur and anyone interesting in profiting on a professional or personal level in the next phase of the Internet and technology economy.Customer Reviews:
don't waste your money.......2007-08-20
Possibly the most sensible book to come about the net........2002-11-15
Average customer rating: |
INCREASING ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT WITH THE TRIVIUM OF CLASSICAL EDUCATION: Its Historical Development, Decline in the Last Century, and Resurgence in Recent Decades
Randall Hart PhD Manufacturer: iUniverse, Inc. ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0595381693 |
Book Description
In this age of accountability, the future success of our educational system in the United States may well be achieved by embracing the classical methodology of our past. Dr. Hart provides a brief summation of classical education, its history, and how its implementation increases academic achievement.Two models of classical education that have had a significant effect on the reemergence of classical schools across this countryMortimer Adler's Paideia Proposal and the Trivium as espoused by Dorothy L. Sayers in her essay The Lost Tools of Learningare reviewed. To understand Adler's and Sayers' approaches to classical education, Dr. Hart provides a summation of the writings of the key philosophers and teachers who greatly impacted the development of classical education since the Hellenistic Age.
Hart also shows how the recent philosophy of pragmatism, embraced by John Dewey, so directly impacted the decline of classical education during the past century. Ultimately however, Hart's book informs us of the reemergence of classical education in hundreds of schools across our nation that are raising achievement by providing the basis for a liberal arts education.
Average customer rating:
|
The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists
Martin A. Lee Manufacturer: Routledge ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0415925460 |
Amazon.com
If you thought Nazism died with Hitler, think again. In The Beast Reawakens, journalist Martin A. Lee traces the resurgence of fascist ideals from the prominent Nazis who escaped prosecution following World War II to the present-day incidents of right-wing violence in Europe and America. One only has to look at the current situation in the Balkans to see that fascism is alive and well. Lee begins his troubling account by reminding us of the many prominent Nazis who, after the war, built new and profitable lives for themselves fomenting political intrigue, while providing role models to a new generation of neo-Nazis all around the world. This underground Nazi culture might have remained out of sight had it not been for the fall of Communism. In the confusion following the end of the Cold War, right-wing nationalist movements sprang up all over Europe, taking root especially deep in formerly communist areas such as Croatia, Bosnia, and Romania.According to Lee, "the Beast" doesn't restrict itself to Eastern Europe by any means; skinhead violence against immigrants is on the rise in Germany, while right-wing politicians in France, Italy, and other western European countries are increasingly finding a willing audience for their national and racial polemics. And lest American readers be lulled into a false sense of security, Lee warns that the United States is hardly immune to this kind of hateful rhetoric. He warns that many of the militia groups currently operating today share the same glorified attitude toward violence, the same irrational hatred of foreigners and ethnic minorities that mark the worst excesses of fascism in Europe.
Book Description
If you thought Nazism died with Hitler, think again. In The Beast Reawakens, journalist Martin A. Lee documents the revival of fascist ideals from the wake of the Second World War to recent violent incidents in Europe and America. Defeated in war, many Nazis built new and profitable lives for themselves, stirring political intrigue and serving as role models to a new generation of white supremacists like Americans Francis Parker Yockey, whose book Imperium became the bible of anti-Semitism, and Willis Carto, who continues to run several ostensibly mainstream policy groups that deny the Holocaust ever took place. Often forced underground yet certain of their cause, this second generation of extremists can be linked to such recent violence as the Oklahoma City bombings, the shocking lynching of James Byrd in Jasper, Texas, and the abortion clinic bombings by Eric Rudolf, who remains a fugitive. With extraordinary detail and insight, The Beast Reawakens examines the many strands of rightwingextremism worldwide to put the current fascist resurgence in contemporary perspective.
Customer Reviews:
Begins well, but leaves much to be desired in the end.......2004-12-31
Reads like an endless term paper, but still helpful in parts.......2004-06-18
Too often, however, the book bogs down, especially in its post-war diplomatic accounts, in minutiae that had me nodding off. The condensation of the emergence of the French New Right, under Benoiste, and the permutations of the German thinkers, on the other hand, kept me page-turning. Certainly the descriptions of Yockey, for example, drawn I imagine from Kevin Coogan's bio in manuscript, showed Lee's ability to make his subject come alive.
Still, reflecting perhaps the rush to get this in print post-McVeigh, you get clumsy sentences like this (as early as the preface, xxvii): "With that fateful sub rosa embrace, the die was cast for a litany of antidemocratic CIA interventions." Three metaphors mixed in 17 words. Or this non-sequitor. After citing evidence of neo-Nazi German views intersecting with "the perverse logic of ecofascism," Lee then claims that $Qhis type of thinking would enable mainstream politicians to avoid racist terminology while advocating xenophobic views. 'We have to think of the ecological consequences of unlimited immigration.' declared Otto Zeitler, Bavaria's land development minister, after German unification." (218)
Yes, certainly we have to think about such issues, but I see no xenophobia in pondering the obvious in Zeitler's statement. Routledge has published lots of fascist studies the past decade and a half; I recommend their very accessible and intelligently organized "Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right" for an ideal introduction free of stereotypes or sloppy analyses. With Lee's book, the haste seems to emerge in the lapse in rigor.
The bias is evident in this book, but after having dutifully read it all, I find the purported threat from these factions in the West overblown, and those from the Middle East, on the other hand, largely ignored by the Left. It does gather in one volume a sobering reminder of how much the West, especially the U.S., cozied up to the remnants of the Nazi regime to keep them out of Stalin's grasp, and how much disinformation continues to be shelled out, by the Left and the Right, about the involvement between anti-communist factions, the far-right, and America.
Inaccuries on every page.......2004-05-19
The author has no credibility, he writes as a spokesman for the Central Intelligence Agency, which is what i view him as after reading this book
Rigid Ideology Mars an Otherwise Interesting Study.......2002-05-21
One of the most interesting chapters in this book is Chapter 4, "The Swastika and the Crescent," revealing the safe haven given by several Arab countries to old Nazis, whom they employed either as anti-Israeli propagandists or as military or police advisors and trainers. Islam has had a long history of hostile relations with Judaism, but these new alliances injected additional venom into the already tense situation prevailing after the creation of the state of Israel. Fervent ideologues like Johannes (alias "Omar Amin") von Leers disseminated virulent anti-Jewish propaganda to a new audience in the Arabic-speaking world - somewhat an irony, since Arabs, like Jews, are Semites, and were equally considered racial inferiors under the Third Reich. This hateful pot-stirring was backed by Arab governments and remains, to this day, a significant influence on opinion in the Islamic world.
Less successful than Lee's account of Nazi influence in the Middle East is his attempt to tie Nazi/fascist extremism to American conservative politicians like Patrick Buchanan or Pat Robertson. America's two-party, winner-take-all system inevitably assures that many people on the political extremes will throw their support to a candidate in one of the two major parties, whether or not he wants or solicits it. That should not be taken as a sign of influence. If the tiny neo-fascist contingent in the American body politic should support a conservative politician, that should not give his opponents any more license to tar him with the brush of Nazism than the support of communists and socialists for a liberal candidate should give that candidate's opponents the right to call him a Bolshevik. It is ironic that for all the whining of the left about McCarthyism and guilt by association, leftist partisans like Martin Lee show little compunction about engaging in essentially similar tactics.
"The Beast Reawakens" is marred by a rigidly ideological outlook in which Nazism and fascism are identified as right-wing phenomena. Lee quotes with approval a definition stating that "to be right-wing means to support the state in its capacity as an enforcer of order and to oppose the state as distributor of wealth and power more equitably in society." No pretense of objectivity here! What, after all, is "more equitable" about the distribution of wealth and power favored by socialists? And where, in this definition, is there a place for the viewpoint of, say, Jefferson or Madison, in which liberty is assured by the strict limitation of governmental power - so that even if the democratic will of the majority is to oppress the minority, it is prevented from so doing by constitutional restraints?
In fact, Nazism - Nationalsozialismus - and fascism are kissing cousins to Bolshevism - "international socialism." Lee, by failing to recognize this, makes the same mistake that U.S. intelligence agencies did in relying on the questionable loyalties of ex-Nazis to the anti-communist cause during the cold war. Prior to U.S. entrance into WWII, the Nazis made common cause with Stalin through the Ribbentrop-Molotov pact, after which much of the American left - that part under communist domination - fell shamefully silent about Hitler, resuming active anti-Nazism only after the pact was broken. The same willingness of neo-Nazis to collaborate with communists surfaced after the war in various "Red-Brown" collaborations. Stripped of the peculiar anti-Semitism of its German manifestation, fascism has much more in common with communism - authoritarian political and social control, economic dirigisme, and imperial ambition - than it does not. The guillotine of the Jacobins was the philosophical antecedent both of the gas chambers of the Nazis and the gulag of the Soviets.
Lee's doctrinaire leftism leads him into contorted interpretations on this point, and also, I suspect, into selective reportage on other topics. For example, the white supremacist/neo-Nazi element in this country is a minuscule collection of losers, crackpots, and cranks, yet receives many pages of coverage. Louis Farrakhan, perhaps the most influential anti-Semite in the United States, is mentioned on only two pages of this 525-page book, and only in passing. The substantial Muslim community in the United States, made up mostly of African-Americans and of Middle Eastern immigrants, is given little notice as a source of anti-Semitic and fascist sentiment. No doubt to acknowledge such points would upset Lee's ideological preconceptions.
Editorial sloppiness is also evident in places. For example, Frederick the Great, king of Prussia and elector of Brandenburg, is twice identified as "Emperor" when in fact the Hohenzollern claim to that title dates only from 1871, long after Frederick's death. Error on such an elementary point of history, in an historical work, calls into question the reliability of Lee's claims about other more recondite historical points.
Nonetheless, there is much fascinating material in this book, and when its ideological bias is discounted there is much in it that can be read with interest and benefit.
Enough to Make One's Blood Boil.......2002-01-22
While the likelihood is remote, and while Mr. Lee correctly characterizes those involved with these "Neo-Nazi" movements as uncredible wackos for the most part, unfortunately these creatures do have a habit of breeding in the most unlikely places.
Fact: Despite Hitler's slaughter of Homosexuals, including his little buddy Ernst Roehm, many of those in today's German "Neo-Nazi" movements are Gay.
Fact: Lee shows how despite Adolf's virulent hatred of Soviet Communism, American Nazis such as Francis Yockey, H. Keith Thompson, and James Madole eagerly sought ideological alliances with the Soviet Union against their own country!*
Fact: Yasser Arafat had a cordial ideological relationship with Otto Remer, the betrayer of the brave Anti-Nazi Germans of the July 20, 1944 plot to kill Adolf.
Lee exposes the machinations of the bizarre Francis Yockey, a Fascist ideologue who once worked for US prosecutors trying Nazi criminals but was fired when he was exposed, and later committed suicide in mysterious circumstances in a San Francisco jail. He also exposes the shadowy H. Keith Thompson, who by his own bouyant admission worked for German Intelligence during World War II, and admitted to acts of sabotage against the U.S. Yet this wealthy native-born traitor, who openly admits to hating the country of his birth, was NEVER arrested by the FBI - not once, despite a lifelong career of sucking to hate groups.
This is one major unanswered question given the recent and not-so-recent failures of the FBI. Who was protecting this scumbag who applauded the deaths of Americans who fought Hitlerism???
Lee never addresses the reasons why Keith Thompson was never arrested and prosecuted by our authorities, whereas the sicko Yockey was. This is one major flaw in this book.
His tantalizing glimpses sometimes lack the detail needed for a work of this calibre. As a Republican, I also find fault with his readiness to accuse the GOP of cuddlying up to the wackos despite the Democratic Party's habit of welcoming with open arms former, unrepentent Communists and "Liberation" movement supporters. Thus the 4 stars instead of the five that it deserves.
A scary, necessary book for all Americans who hate extremism of all kinds. One gets the feeling that guys like Thompson, Kuhnen in Germany, Zhirinovsky in Russia and others would have no qualms about making deals with Osama Bin Laden.
Average customer rating:
|
Marx's Revenge: The Resurgence of Capitalism and the Death of Statist Socialism
Meghnad Desai Manufacturer: Verso ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 1859844294 |
Book Description
'In the triumphant resurgence of capitalism and indeed its global reach, the one thinker who is vindicated is Karl Marx. The demise of the socialist experiment inaugurated by October 1917 would not distress but cheer Marx if, as an atheist, he occupies any part of Hell, Purgatory or Heaven. Indeed, if it came to a choice between whether the Market or the State should rule the economy, the modern libertarians would be shocked as much as the modern socialists to find Marx on the side of the Market.'"This book is meant to annoy and provoke...". A distinguished economist and seasoned heretic, Meghnad Desai has spent most of his life as an advocate on the Left. This book is the culmination of a period of reassessment initiated by the challenge of Thatcherism, the collapse of the Soviet system, and the British Labour Party's embrace of market -driven politics, which has led Desai to his recognition of "the end of the road for democratic socialism."
In this provocative and enthusiastically revisionist book, Desai argues that capitalism's recent efflorescence is something Karl Marx anticipated and indeed would, in a certain sense, have welcomed. Capitalism, as Marx understood it, would only reach its limits when it was no longer capable of progress. Desai argues that globalization, in bringing the possibility of open competition on world markets to producers in the Third World, has proved that capitalism is still capable of moving forwards. Marx's Revenge opens with a consideration of the ideas of Adam Smith and Hegel. It proceeds to look at the nuances in the work of Marx himself, and concludes with a survey of more recent economists who studied capitalism and attempted to unravel its secrets, including Joseph Schumpeter, John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek.
Customer Reviews:
Standing Marx on his head.......2005-05-31
An Admirable Effort--Yet Comes Up Short.......2003-03-05
In "Marx's Revenge," Meghnad Desai proposes the startling thesis that Marx would support the current phenomenon of globalization. According to Desai, a truly socialist society can develop only when capitalism exhausts itself as a creative and progressive force. As recent events have shown, this has not yet happened. Capitalism is still a productive and vital force for better or worse.
Desai supports his thesis by discussing three variants of socialism that arose in the 20th Century: Socialism outside Capitalism (SoC), Socialism within Capitalism (SwC), and Socialism beyond Capitalism (SbC).
SoC represents the socialist society that was attempted within the Soviet Union. This version represents the Stalinist "socialism in one country" model which held that socialism and capitalism were destined to compete against each other. The system that was able to produce the most economic benefit to its citizens was to be declared the "winner." However, the corruption endemic in the Soviet system and its inability to produce the surplus capital necessary for economic growth and development led to the demise of this system with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
SwC represents the attempt by the developed capitalist nations to develop a "humanized" capitalism with a generous welfare state. This system largely worked from 1945 through the end of the 1960s. However, SwC was made possible only through the widespread Keynesian consensus held by the West after World War II that allowed contries to manipulate domestic financial markets for the funding of domestic programs. With the advent of globalization and the resulting liquidity of international capital, this project was dealt a severe blow beginning in the late 1970s.
SbC represents the only true alternative to capitalism. According to Desai, SbC represents a "self-conscious society" that develops when capitalism reaches its limit and can no longer act as a progressive force for the economic betterment of society. What will SbC look like?
This leads me to the central criticism of Desai's book. Desai offers an excellent historical overview of the development of the various competing forms of socialism as well as an intricate discussion of Marx's theories of profit and growth as put forth in Das Kapital. However, he has little to say regarding the pragmatic considerations involving what a true socialist society will look like. In fact, the last sentence in "Marx's Revenge" states: "Will there ever be Socialism beyond Capitalism?" (p. 315). This question remains unanswered.
To get an idea of what such a society would look like, I recommend reading David Schweickart's book "After Capitalism." Both books are important in that they offer hope that the current late, decadent stage of capitalism will be the final one and that a more just and humane order can be built in its place.
Books:
Recommended Books